{"id":2801,"date":"2016-03-01T16:43:50","date_gmt":"2016-03-02T00:43:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/?page_id=2801"},"modified":"2016-08-02T15:10:47","modified_gmt":"2016-08-02T22:10:47","slug":"common-loon","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/waterfowl\/common-loon\/","title":{"rendered":"Common Loon"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-2801\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-2801-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-2801-0\" ><div id=\"pgc-2801-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-2801-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-2801-0-0-0\" ><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<h2>Main Sections<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-2801-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_nav_menu panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-2801-0-0-1\" ><ul id=\"menu-sections-menu-closed\" class=\"menu\"><li  class=\"menu-table-of-contents menu-item-2626 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/table-of-contents\/\"><span>TABLE OF CONTENTS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-general-information sf-dropdown menu-item-2354 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/\"><span>GENERAL INFORMATION<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-purpose-and-scope menu-item-2623 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/purpose-and-scope\/\"><span>Purpose and Scope<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-development-plan menu-item-2621 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/development-plan\/\"><span>Development Plan<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-area-description menu-item-2620 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/area-description\/\"><span>Area Description<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-resource-management-direction menu-item-2622 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/resource-management-direction\/\"><span>Resource Management Direction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-regulatory-context menu-item-2624 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/regulatory-context\/\"><span>Regulatory Context<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-the-role-of-information menu-item-2625 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/role-of-information\/\"><span>The Role of Information<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-community-sections sf-dropdown menu-item-2351 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/\"><span>COMMUNITY SECTIONS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-access-trails-and-transportation menu-item-2605 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/access-and-transportation\/\"><span>Access, Trails and Transportation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-communities menu-item-2606 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/communities\/\"><span>Communities<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-visual-landscape-management menu-item-2609 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/visual-landscape-management\/\"><span>Visual Landscape Management<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-cultural-and-historical-resources menu-item-2607 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/cultural-and-historical-resources\/\"><span>Cultural and Historical Resources<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-first-nations menu-item-2608 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/first-nations\/\"><span>First Nations<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-economic-sections sf-dropdown menu-item-2352 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/\"><span>ECONOMIC SECTIONS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-agriculture-and-range menu-item-2610 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/agriculture-and-range\/\"><span>Agriculture and Range<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-crown-land-and-water menu-item-2611 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/crown-land-and-water\/\"><span>Crown Land and Water<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-energy-and-minerals menu-item-2612 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/energy-and-minerals\/\"><span>Energy and Minerals<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-timber-and-silviculture menu-item-2613 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/timber-and-silviculture\/\"><span>Timber and Silviculture<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-tourism-and-recreation menu-item-2614 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/tourism-and-recreation\/\"><span>Tourism and Recreation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-environmental-sections sf-dropdown menu-item-2353 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/\"><span>ENVIRONMENTAL SECTIONS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-fish-and-riparian-habitat menu-item-2615 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/fish-and-riparian-habitat\/\"><span>Fish and Riparian Habitat<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-forest-and-grassland-ecosystems menu-item-2616 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/forest-biodiversity-and-grassland-ecosystems\/\"><span>Forest and Grassland Ecosystems<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-protected-areas menu-item-2618 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/protected-areas\/\"><span>Protected Areas<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-plants menu-item-2617 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/\"><span>Plants<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-wildlife menu-item-2619 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/\"><span>Wildlife<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-implementation menu-item-2356 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/implementation-monitoring-and-amendment\/\"><span>IMPLEMENTATION<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-glossary menu-item-2355 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/glossary\/\"><span>GLOSSARY<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-2801-0-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-2801-0-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" ><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Common Loon<\/h3>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>This common loon has a large, heavy body with a thick and pointed black bill. In the breeding season the plumage, head and neck are black with white bands on the neck and white spots on the back; in the winter the crown, hindneck and upperparts dark grey and the throat and underparts are white. The call of the loon, which occurs usually at night and during migration, is a loud, wailing laugh or a mournful yodel and has been described as \"one of the most striking wilderness sounds, a strange, sad, mournful, unearthly cry, half laughing, half wailing\". The loon breeds from Aleutian Islands, Alaska and Northern Canada, south to New Hampshire, Montana, and California, USA. Loons nest on forested lakes and rivers and winter on coastal bays and oceans south to the Gulf Coast. Also breeds in Iceland. Loons are expert divers whose eyes can focus both in water and in air. They concentrate oxygen in their leg muscles to sustain them while diving to depths of up to 200 feet. Nearly solid bones make them heavier than many other birds.<\/p>\n<p>General issues across the Sub Region will be addressed below, followed by management plans specific to individual populations.<\/p>\n<h4>The Canadian Lakes Loon Survey<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.birdscanada.org\/volunteer\/clls\/resources\/CLLSsummary.pdf\">http:\/\/www.birdscanada.org\/volunteer\/clls\/resources\/CLLSsummary.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The Canadian Lakes Loon Survey was an on-going study of behaviors of the Common Loon, Gavia immer.\u00a0 In 1981 the Canadian Lakes Loon Survey began in Ontario for citizen participants to monitor breeding patterns of Common Loons. The population of this unique species is about 250,000 breeding pairs in Canada, a number which represents approximately 95% of the world\u2019s population. After a nation-wide effort between 1992 and 2010, the surveys were analyzed and graphs were produced to demonstrate patterns of loon reproduction across Canada. The study encouraged participants to observe the reproductive success of the species between June and August each year.<\/p>\n<p>The Common Loon is an aquatic bird that spends its life on or near water. Consequently, the health of lakes are important for the survival of the loon and its offspring. The survey results suggest that loon reproductive success is a strong indicator of the health of a lake. Lake longitude, pH level, and pollutant content were recorded and compared to the success of loon population reproduction. Once the surveys were complete and the data was analyzed, the study concluded that the reproductive success of the Common Loon was negatively impacted by mercury pollution and lower pH levels (indicators of higher levels of acidity in the water). It was found that the most successful lakes for reproduction were larger lakes with higher pH levels in comparison to more acidic and smaller lakes. Loon offspring had the greatest success of survival in lakes that were larger and had limited mercury and acid content.<\/p>\n<p>The Canadian Lakes Loon Survey produced valuable results for citizens and scientists to better understand factors that impact the health of both loons and lakes. n order to support the success of loon reproduction, citizens should take action as active participants in advocating for the loon population. This can include researching and lobbying for loon and lake conservation, limiting impact on the environment, and participating in and reporting to conservation projects such as the Bird Studies Canada\u2019s Canadian Lakes Loon Survey.<\/p>\n<p>Conservation concerns of the Common Loon species in the BC province stem from indirect (oil spills, chemical contamination, mercury and lead content in water sources) and direct (habitat degradation, shooting, fishing nets, breeding\/nest disturbance) human influences. As a result of urbanization and increased human activity in the rural interior BC, loon populations have depleted in recent years and further habitat degradation and disturbance continue to create difficulties for loons to migrate and breed throughout the year. In addition, increases in mercury and lead content in fresh-water sources has resulted in egg-shell thinning and elevated mercury levels show a high incidence of reduction in the reproductive capacity in loons. Human activities such as building resorts, cottages and campgrounds around lakes and coastal areas has negatively impacted loons' breeding patterns and population distribution patterns, with several flocks of birds migrating further each year in search of undisturbed areas to breed and migrate to for winter and summer. Recreational uses for humans in summer including jet skiing and motor boat activity on lakes has also led to declines in loon populations, primarily due to disturbance of nests. Higher mortality rates are seen in areas where motor boats are used, as waves created tend to wash away nests and eggs. This is furthered by canoeing activities in lakes which can cause separation between parents and young chicks, leading to predation by larger predators such as the Bald Eagle.<\/p>\n<p>Conservation efforts are focused on changing the attitudes of the public and local residents in order to inform them about the loon species, the threats they face and actions required to continue to protect the species in the BC area. Improving the content of the species knowledge to the public through education curricula and media sources including the internet will create awareness of the status of the common loon population and reduce the threats from humans to prevent further decline of the species. Development of non-game programs will benefit an entire ecosystem and enhance biodiversity in the interior BC and further the entire province. Continued monitoring by means of wildlife surveys, sightings, field diaries and notes, published and unpublished reports will contribute to the database of knowledge of the common loon species which will help the development of conservation plans. Policies involving the North America Waterfowl Management plan, Shorebird Conservation Plan and the United Nations Environment Program's Global Mercury Assessment among others continue to develop management strategies to prevent human influence over North American and Canadian birds and protect the population status of the valuable and important common loon species.<\/p>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wildlifebc.org\/pdfs\/COLO.pdf\">Featured Species - Common Loon<\/a><\/p>\n<h4>Issues:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Carpenter Lake reservoir, when flooded, covers prime feeding areas for loons<\/li>\n<li>Lack of data on population dynamics in Sub Region<\/li>\n<li>There may be herbicide spraying in regions in the Sub Region that may be affecting birds that eat or depend on the sprayed plants<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Goals:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Implement studies to determine population dynamics<\/li>\n<li>Implement studies to determine the effects of water management on loons<\/li>\n<li>Determine where and when herbicide spraying occurs, and what plant species are being treated<\/li>\n<li>Determine if the herbicide spraying is affecting loon populations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-2801-0-2\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-2801-0-2-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_nav_menu panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"3\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-2801-0-2-0\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Wildlife<\/h3><ul id=\"menu-wildlife\" class=\"menu\"><li  class=\"menu-ungulates sf-dropdown menu-item-2518 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/\"><span>UNGULATES<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-canadian-moose menu-item-2596 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/canadian-moose\/\"><span>Canadian Moose<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-shiras-moose menu-item-2603 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/shiras-moose\/\"><span>Shiras Moose<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-roosevelt-elk menu-item-2602 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/roosevelt-elk\/\"><span>Roosevelt Elk<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-rocky-mountain-elk menu-item-2601 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/rocky-mountain-elk\/\"><span>Rocky Mountain Elk<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-mountain-goat menu-item-2598 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/mountain-goat\/\"><span>Mountain Goat<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-california-big-horn-sheep menu-item-2595 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/california-big-horn-sheep\/\"><span>California Big Horn Sheep<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-rocky-mountain-big-horn-sheep menu-item-2600 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/rocky-mountain-big-horn-sheep\/\"><span>Rocky Mountain Big Horn Sheep<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-mule-deer menu-item-2599 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/mule-deer\/\"><span>Mule Deer<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-black-tailed-deer menu-item-2594 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/black-tailed-deer\/\"><span>Black-tailed Deer<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-white-tailed-deer menu-item-2604 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/white-tailed-deer\/\"><span>White-tailed Deer<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-mountain-caribou menu-item-2597 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/ungulates\/mountain-caribou\/\"><span>Mountain Caribou<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-fur-bearers sf-dropdown menu-item-2522 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/\"><span>FUR BEARERS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-lynx menu-item-2593 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/lynx\/\"><span>Lynx<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-bobcat menu-item-2592 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/bobcat\/\"><span>Bobcat<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-pine-marten menu-item-2591 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/pine-marten\/\"><span>Pine Marten<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-fisher menu-item-2590 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/fisher\/\"><span>Fisher<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-wolverine menu-item-2589 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/wolverine\/\"><span>Wolverine<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-hoary-marmot menu-item-2588 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/hoary-marmot\/\"><span>Hoary Marmot<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-north-american-beaver menu-item-2587 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/north-american-beaver\/\"><span>North American Beaver<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-american-red-squirrel menu-item-2754 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/american-red-squirrel\/\"><span>American Red Squirrel<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-north-american-badger menu-item-2993 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/north-american-badger\/\"><span>North American Badger<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-beaver menu-item-2996 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/fur-bearers\/beaver\/\"><span>Beaver<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-predators sf-dropdown menu-item-2523 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/predators\/\"><span>PREDATORS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-wolf menu-item-2586 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/predators\/wolf\/\"><span>Wolf<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-cougar menu-item-2585 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/predators\/cougar\/\"><span>Cougar<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-black-bear menu-item-2584 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/predators\/black-bear\/\"><span>Black Bear<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-coyote menu-item-2833 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/predators\/coyote\/\"><span>Coyote<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-upland-birds sf-dropdown menu-item-2519 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/\"><span>UPLAND BIRDS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-dusky-grouse menu-item-2757 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/dusky-grouse\/\"><span>Dusky Grouse<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-sooty-grouse menu-item-2760 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/sooty-grouse\/\"><span>Sooty Grouse<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-spruce-grouse menu-item-2763 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/spruce-grouse\/\"><span>Spruce Grouse<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-sharp-tailed-grouse menu-item-2766 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/sharp-tailed-grouse\/\"><span>Sharp-tailed Grouse<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-willow-ptarmigan menu-item-2769 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/willow-ptarmigan\/\"><span>Willow Ptarmigan<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-rock-ptarmigan menu-item-2772 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/rock-ptarmigan\/\"><span>Rock Ptarmigan<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-california-quail menu-item-2775 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/california-quail\/\"><span>California Quail<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-chukar-partridge menu-item-2778 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/chukar-partridge\/\"><span>Chukar Partridge<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-clarks-nutcracker menu-item-2782 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/upland-birds\/clarks-nutcracker\/\"><span>Clark\u2019s Nutcracker<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-birds-of-prey sf-dropdown menu-item-2521 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/birds-of-prey\/\"><span>BIRDS OF PREY<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-golden-eagle menu-item-2786 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/birds-of-prey\/golden-eagle\/\"><span>Golden Eagle<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-bald-eagle menu-item-2790 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/birds-of-prey\/bald-eagle\/\"><span>Bald Eagle<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-osprey menu-item-2793 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/birds-of-prey\/osprey\/\"><span>Osprey<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-turkey-vulture menu-item-2830 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/birds-of-prey\/turkey-vulture\/\"><span>Turkey Vulture<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-peregrine-falcon menu-item-2926 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/birds-of-prey\/peregrine-falcon\/\"><span>Peregrine Falcon<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-waterfowl sf-dropdown menu-item-2520 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/waterfowl\/\"><span>WATERFOWL<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-trumpeter-swan menu-item-2796 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/waterfowl\/trumpeter-swan\/\"><span>Trumpeter Swan<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-common-loon menu-item-2803 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/waterfowl\/common-loon\/\"><span>Common Loon<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-mallard-duck menu-item-2804 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/waterfowl\/mallard-duck\/\"><span>Mallard Duck<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-canada-goose menu-item-2805 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/waterfowl\/canada-goose\/\"><span>Canada Goose<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-amphibians menu-item-2929 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/amphibians\/\"><span>AMPHIBIANS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-bats menu-item-3014 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/bats\/\"><span>BATS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-2801-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-2801-1\" ><div id=\"pgc-2801-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-2801-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"4\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-2801-1-0-0\" ><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<table style=\"width:100%\">\n<p>\t<!-- TITLE BAR --><\/p>\n<tr>\n<th>Objectives<\/th>\n<th>Management Direction\/Strategies<\/th>\n<th>Measures of Success\/Targets<\/th>\n<th>Intent<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Main Sections This common loon has a large, heavy body with a thick and pointed black bill. In the breeding season the plumage, head and neck are black with white bands on the neck and white spots on the back; &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/waterfowl\/common-loon\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":2493,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2801"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2801"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2801\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3010,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2801\/revisions\/3010"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}