{"id":1933,"date":"2016-01-26T13:34:32","date_gmt":"2016-01-26T21:34:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/?page_id=1933"},"modified":"2016-08-19T08:32:45","modified_gmt":"2016-08-19T15:32:45","slug":"whitebark-pine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/whitebark-pine\/","title":{"rendered":"Whitebark Pine"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-1933\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-1933-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-1933-0\" ><div id=\"pgc-1933-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-1933-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1933-0-0-0\" ><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<h2>Main Sections<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-1933-0-0-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_nav_menu panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1933-0-0-1\" ><ul id=\"menu-sections-menu-closed\" class=\"menu\"><li  class=\"menu-table-of-contents menu-item-2626 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/table-of-contents\/\"><span>TABLE OF CONTENTS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-general-information sf-dropdown menu-item-2354 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/\"><span>GENERAL INFORMATION<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-purpose-and-scope menu-item-2623 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/purpose-and-scope\/\"><span>Purpose and Scope<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-development-plan menu-item-2621 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/development-plan\/\"><span>Development Plan<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-area-description menu-item-2620 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/area-description\/\"><span>Area Description<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-resource-management-direction menu-item-2622 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/resource-management-direction\/\"><span>Resource Management Direction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-regulatory-context menu-item-2624 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/regulatory-context\/\"><span>Regulatory Context<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-the-role-of-information menu-item-2625 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/general-information\/role-of-information\/\"><span>The Role of Information<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-community-sections sf-dropdown menu-item-2351 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/\"><span>COMMUNITY SECTIONS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-access-trails-and-transportation menu-item-2605 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/access-and-transportation\/\"><span>Access, Trails and Transportation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-communities menu-item-2606 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/communities\/\"><span>Communities<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-visual-landscape-management menu-item-2609 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/visual-landscape-management\/\"><span>Visual Landscape Management<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-cultural-and-historical-resources menu-item-2607 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/cultural-and-historical-resources\/\"><span>Cultural and Historical Resources<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-first-nations menu-item-2608 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/community-sections\/first-nations\/\"><span>First Nations<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-economic-sections sf-dropdown menu-item-2352 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/\"><span>ECONOMIC SECTIONS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-agriculture-and-range menu-item-2610 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/agriculture-and-range\/\"><span>Agriculture and Range<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-crown-land-and-water menu-item-2611 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/crown-land-and-water\/\"><span>Crown Land and Water<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-energy-and-minerals menu-item-2612 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/energy-and-minerals\/\"><span>Energy and Minerals<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-timber-and-silviculture menu-item-2613 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/timber-and-silviculture\/\"><span>Timber and Silviculture<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-tourism-and-recreation menu-item-2614 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/economic-sections\/tourism-and-recreation\/\"><span>Tourism and Recreation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-environmental-sections sf-dropdown menu-item-2353 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/\"><span>ENVIRONMENTAL SECTIONS<\/span><\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu sf-dropdown-menu dropdown\">\n\t<li  class=\"menu-fish-and-riparian-habitat menu-item-2615 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/fish-and-riparian-habitat\/\"><span>Fish and Riparian Habitat<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-forest-and-grassland-ecosystems menu-item-2616 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/forest-biodiversity-and-grassland-ecosystems\/\"><span>Forest and Grassland Ecosystems<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-protected-areas menu-item-2618 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/protected-areas\/\"><span>Protected Areas<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-plants menu-item-2617 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/\"><span>Plants<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n\t<li  class=\"menu-wildlife menu-item-2619 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/wildlife\/\"><span>Wildlife<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-implementation menu-item-2356 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/implementation-monitoring-and-amendment\/\"><span>IMPLEMENTATION<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-glossary menu-item-2355 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/glossary\/\"><span>GLOSSARY<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-1933-0-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-1933-0-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" ><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Whitebark Pine<\/h3>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>A five-needle pine species able to survive the climatic conditions of the subalpine ecosystem, whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is an endangered species (British Columbia \u201cblue listed\u201d, BC CDC, 2015) that occurs in mountainous regions of British Columbia. It is a keystone species that allows the establishment of diverse plant communities through its role in moderating soil and snow conditions. It provides an important food source to wildlife through its seeds. The nutritional value of the seeds is higher than that of other conifer species and they are favoured by red squirrels (Tamaisciurus hudsonicus) grizzly bears (Ursus arctos), black bears (Ursus americanus) and importantly, the Clark\u2019s nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana). The whitebark pine and Clark\u2019s nutcracker have a mutualistic relationship, where the nutcracker favors the seeds of the whitebark pine, that relies exclusively on the nutcracker for the dispersal of the seeds. The nutcracker caches the seeds for fall and winter food supply, providing some of the seeds with an opportunity to germinate.<\/p>\n<h4>Issues:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>White Pine Blister Rust is affecting the health of whitebark pine across most of its range and causing rapid decline of populations<\/li>\n<li>Mountain Pine Beetle can infest whitebark pine and has previously attacked those in the Chilcotin. Older trees and those that have previously been infected with blister rust are more susceptible<\/li>\n<li>Fire suppression allows shade-tolerant trees to compete with whitebark pine for habitat<\/li>\n<li>Climate change is expected to play an increasingly important role for future whitebark pine populations, which could result in shifts in suitable habitat locations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Goals:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Blister rust screening<\/li>\n<li>Seed collection<\/li>\n<li>Seed propagation and planting to aid whitebark regeneration<\/li>\n<li>Monitoring health of whitebark stands<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-1933-0-2\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-1933-0-2-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_nav_menu panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"3\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1933-0-2-0\" ><h3 class=\"widget-title\">Plants<\/h3><ul id=\"menu-plants\" class=\"menu\"><li  class=\"menu-whitebark-pine menu-item-2253 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/whitebark-pine\/\"><span>Whitebark Pine<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-wild-potatoes menu-item-2250 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/wild-potatoes\/\"><span>Wild Potatoes<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-balsam-root menu-item-2251 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/balsam-root\/\"><span>Balsam Root<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-wild-onion menu-item-2263 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/wild-onion\/\"><span>Wild Onion<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-cow-parsnip menu-item-2277 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/cow-parsnip\/\"><span>Cow Parsnip<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-burdock menu-item-2280 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/burdock\/\"><span>Burdock<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-hogweed menu-item-2439 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/hogweed\/\"><span>Hogweed<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li  class=\"menu-knapweed menu-item-2549 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/knapweed\/\"><span>Knapweed<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-1933-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\" ><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-1933-1\" ><div id=\"pgc-1933-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-1933-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"4\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-1933-1-0-0\" ><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<table style=\"width:100%\">\n<p>\t<!-- TITLE BAR --><\/p>\n<tr>\n<th>Objectives<\/th>\n<th>Management Direction\/Strategies<\/th>\n<th>Measures of Success\/Targets<\/th>\n<th>Intent<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Main Sections A five-needle pine species able to survive the climatic conditions of the subalpine ecosystem, whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is an endangered species (British Columbia \u201cblue listed\u201d, BC CDC, 2015) that occurs in mountainous regions of British Columbia. It &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/environmental-sections\/plants\/whitebark-pine\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":1931,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1933"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1933"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2701,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1933\/revisions\/2701"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1931"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lillooet.stewardship.foundation\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}